J a p a n e s e    C u l t u r e

Note that the Japnaese dolls have blonde hair. This may not be all that significant bearing in mind the fact that the bear is blue. All the same though, the fact that dolls even in Japan are blonde probably increases their Michael Jackson complex.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, westernisation, 日本文化

A little girl leaves a stall of the men's and passes behind the men's urinals, rolling up her sleeves perhaps in preparation for washing her hands. I am not sure why she did not go to the women's. She seems big enough to go on her own. Perhaps she needed help with here summer cotton kimono? I don't think that she would be allowed in the gentlemen's' toilet in the UK. The men's toilets smell but they are not a terribly taboo place, here in the land of the naked men.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, sex, 日本文化

These "welcoming rice cakes" (Mukaedango) are put out at the beginning of the summer festival to welcome the return of the spirits of the ancestors to the family home.

According to the ethnologist Yanagita Kuniyo, the Obon festival is one of two times of the year when the spirits come to the home, the other being the New Years festival. The symmetry between the two festivals, at the festival for the ancestors (obon) in Summer and the New Year Festival (shougatsu), is visible in the details, in the fact for instance that round rice cakes are put out on display.

In my own opinion, I see obon as a Shinto, or Shinto-Buddhist festival.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

This is not sake but "shouchuu" Japanese vodka, made from potatoes, wheat, or rice and distilled to a fairly potent 25 percent alcohol by volume. It is rumoured not to give the drinker much of a hangover due to its purity. It is drunk straight, with ice, or with hot water (for maximum effect).

The Japanese are not ashamed to say that they drink alcohol for its effect. The bottles are big, and the consumption among middle aged men appears to be quite high.

The brand names and logos of the products in the photograph are copyright their respective manufacturers.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

The Japanese love rice. It seemed appropriate to make a flag out of a rice barrel. The image used to make this flag can be viewed here at flickr

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

They don't have the rhomboid Western style saws in Japan to this day, only these saws shaped like swords. I wonder if Japanese people know what a western wood saw looks like.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Edo period erotic art on sake cups. Sex or at least certainly nakedness was not so taboo in Japan as it was in the West. It is perhaps for this reason that erotic art had to be outlandishly erotic. Nakedness is not suggestive of eroticism - wealth and expensive kimono are sexier. The genitals (NOT shown on these modern cups) are drawn disproportionately large - about the same size as the face- and in graphic detail. These cups are to make the act of drinking rice wine, where one usually fills the cup of ones drinking companion titillating.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, sex, 日本文化

Large second hand cars in Japan are cheap. This Nissan Gloria had 80,000 kilometers on the clock and should run for as much again but it has a price tag of a mere 1500 USD.

The Japanese are very environmentally conscious in some ways. There is a lot of recycling, use of renewable sources of energy such as wind and solar power, investment in energy saving technology such as hybrid cards, very economical cars, use of traditional energy saving devices such as heated coffee tables, bed warmers, and taps that allow one to wash ones hands with the water that fills the toilet cistern. But one area in which the Japanese do not excel is that of using second hand products.

Second hand products are seeing a considerable increase in popularity at the moment, but until a few years ago there were very few second hand clothes and appliance stores. The prices of second hand cars was low. And the "large rubbish" days when Japanese threw away television sets, bicycles and other items that might otherwise find their way to a second hand store were a bonanza of perfectly usable stuff but those that carted it away were often gaijin.

The Japanese seem to feel that second hand goods are in some sense dirty and thus defiled. Perhaps it is the shinto influence. I wonder if Shinto shrines could team up with second hand stores to offer purified (oharai sumi) second hand goods.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

The Japanese are so keen to express things visually that instead of using menus they have rows of models depicting food outside of many restaturants. There is an area of Tokyo where there are model food craftsmen. The model food is very realistic.

For my explanation of the philosophy behind model food, please see this post on model ice cream

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

There are many areas of public morality in which the Japanese excell. One of these is the relative absense of theft.

For example it used to amaze me how Japanese can leave cleaning products in public places, such as in the public toilet above, and that no one steals them. The bucket, broom and cloth toilet brush and bleach are perhaps too old and dirty for even Britons to whish to steal them, but placed as they are in an unlocked and isolated public toilet, I predict that they would not long remain intact in the UK. If things are not locked up or nailed down, then they are either stolen, or if they are of little use then they would be destroyed, destroyed. In the UK, if no one was interested in stealing the broom then someone would probably use it to beat in the windows of the toilet, then break it in half and then throw it into the bushes.

Cleaning products and utensils for cleaning such as these can be seen left in toilets, shrines, parks and even bus stops.


But there are some crimes that the Japanese seem to be into such as pork barrelling, confidence trickery, "dangou" cartells, reading books before purchase, and speed limits are liberally interpretted, as are of occasion are the constitution, international treaties, and marriage vows.

All the same though, I generally believe in the moral superiority of the Japanese!

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Miscarried children, and more importantly perhaps aborted children. The Japanese are into abortion with low rates of pill usage and decreasing rates of use of condoms (despite increases in the number of aids patients), so abortion is rife. But as is the case everywhere, abortion is accompanied by some regret. Hence the large number of offerings, particularly the tablets which are funeral names for the deceased.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Good luck in business. The famous Japanese maneki neko or inviting cat is said to encourage business to ones establishment. The raised paw is imagined to be baking a downwards beckoning movement inviting people in. Little do the Japanese know that the Westerners beckon with their palms upwards. Beckoning with the palm down would only be directed at animals. The Cat also acts as a burglar deterrent. Why? I think it is because these are often used as piggy banks. And they look cute. So a robber comes to the home, steals the piggy bank but thinks "These people are nice, they like cute things" and goes away without cracking the safe.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Omamori (good luck charms, or talisman) are normally associated with Shinto but the prayer beads with Buddhism. It is quite common for Buddhist temples in Japan to sell good luck charms however.

I have a theory that Joudou ShinShuu or "Pure Land" Buddhism may be based upon Catholicism. Or, if not actually based upon Catholicism in inception, taps a similar religious sentiment, and when Catholicism was outlawed in Japan, may have been the religion of choice for those that would otherwise worship Christianity.

Joudoushinshu
1) Simple prayer for any time or occasion
2) "Other power" Buddhism - it is only by worship that humans can reach the Buddha
3) The vow of the Amida Buddha is to bear our sins and lead all into enlightenment.
4) Enlightenment happens post death - those that believe in the Amida Buddha are reborn in the "pure land" (which is in the West!)
5) It is especially for sinners - even the bad can reach enlightenment if they believe in and worship the Amida Buddha.

Interesting difference - The Amida Buddha is neither male nor female.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

No joke, this is the suicide method of choice, when young Japanese get together on the Iinternet and meet in groups to commit suicide. They get together in cars, tape up the windows, and put a small traditional Japanese barbecue (shichirin) on one of the seats and inhale the carbon monoxide fumes. As well as feeling this to be a tragic loss of life, I hope it is not too painful.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

A jealous woman.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

The following is an explanation of the theory behind "Omamori" in Japan.

In Japan the lucky charms called "Omamori," (literally "protectors") are said to work by being a decoy-self ("migawari) that attracts bad luck.

Hence any "impurity" or bad luck is collected in the charm instead of in the person. The charm is thrown away once a year, together with the bad luck.

There is quite a lot of theory behind this.

Omamori are basically very similar to the larger tablets bearing the name of the deity "ofuda" that one receives from a Shinto shrine. These larger tablets are enshrined within the home on the Spirit Shelf (Kamidana). Omamori are also basically pieces of paper stamped with the name of the god.

Why should a piece of paper stamped with the name of the god be a decoy-self?

The easiest way to answer this question is by referring to Japanese Buddhism. Japanese Buddhism concentrates on rituals for the dead. The dead are enshrined in the household inside the "butsudan" or buddha cupboard. Inside the buddha cupboard there is an effigy of the buddha, but perhaps more importantly there are a lot of little tablets (called ihai) which represent one's dead relatives. People open the butsudan and say "hello grandpa" to their grandfather in the form of his little tablet.

According to the Japanese ethnologist Yanagita Kunio, the Budda cupboard (Butsudan) and the Spirit Shelf (Kamidana). The spirit shelf was for the living and the bustudan was for the dead but basically in both there was a deity (Shinto Kami or spirit, or Buddhist buddha) and in both there was representations of members of the household, living or dead.

Today in Japan there are few personal tablets for the living (other than omamori) but there are traditions of sticking the names of the living onto the shrine shelf in some parts of Japan. In the past, people recieved a part of the spirit of their local shrine and this in a sense gave them life. In other words a ticket or tag from the shrine represented a person.

This is why a "omamori" is a bit like a spare ID card. If you have some bad luck, like being caught doing a minor misdemeanour then you charge it, or put it down to the spare id, which you throw away at the end of the year.

The new year is said to be a rebirth, everyone gets a new identity. Everyone starts afresh with a clean slate.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Another photograph of Daiou (big lord) with a reflection of the town in his mirror. There are offerings of a tangerine and some rice wine as you can see. These, like the mirror, have a strong Shinto influence if you ask me. But there is no heaven or hell in Shinto, AFAIK.

This picture is very much in line with my theory of the Japanese self being "in the mirror."

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Small paper fortunes, like fotune cookies without the cookie, on sale for 20 yen (about as many cents, or 10p UK) at Nisho Yamada shrine in Kano Yamaguchi.

Fortunes work, I believe, since either they are sufficiently vague for us to interpret them according to the desires and predictions of our subconscious, or when they really do not fit, our subconscious tells us that they do not fit. So fortunes give voice to the subconscious. And perhaps the subconscious is the spirit.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

The Daruma Buddha spent many years in a cave until his arms and legs dropped off (hence the roundness of this figure)! But eventually he reached enlightenment. These little "Daruma's" figures are used to indicate hope, goal or aspiration. When one buys a Daruma, neither of the eyes is blacked in (as in this picture), suggesting that one has not yet set ones goal. Then one colours in one of the eyes meaning that one has set ones goal. Then if one reaches ones goal, one colours in the both eyes, meaning that your Buddha has reached its goal/enlightenment. They are usually found in the offices of people running for elections, or above the desks of high school students attempting to get into a good university. I have cut this one out, so the background is white.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化

Shimenawa, first appearing in the mythology when it was used to rope up the cave that the Sun Goddess, Amaterasu, came out of, to make sure that she did not go back into the cave and throw the world into perpetual night once again.

Labels: japan, japanese culture, nihonbunka, 日本文化